Internet Essays - Media Technology, Cultural Globalization

Web Pillar me up, Scottie. This famous line from Star Trek was a showing of the trend setting innovation of things to come. Despite the fact that it was a anecdotal story, Star Trek turned into the widespread vision of things to come. As usual reality will in general copy fiction. In spite of the fact that our general public has not exactly come about to living in space, we have made life simpler with innovation. Monetary endurance has become progressively reliant upon data and interchanges delivering new innovation of which was rarely thought conceivable. Only a unimportant thirty years back a PC consumed an entire room analyzed the present palm measured PCs, which are quicker and perform more capacities. Mobile phones, presently light and reduced, were massive only ten years prior. The most staggering development, the Internet, is carrying limitless measure of data to your work area. In the realm of the of the Internet there exist a world heedless to skin shading and other physical appearances. The Internet while still youthful in age has developed quickly, spreading to nations worldwide and associating 50 million clients. With its prevalence, it is occupant upon our general public to perceive how the Internet functions and to be mindful of its favorable circumstances just as detriments. While apparently cutting edge the Web idea is somewhat basic. PCs address each other and send data. This is practiced by sending and getting electronic drive, and afterward disentangling them into a message. So as to speak with each other they are connected up in a system. They are then ready to get to data from a great many different PCs. The system demonstrations like one huge PC putting away data in different spots, as opposed to in one physical structure. Clients tap into the Internet to get to or give data. Web innovation permits one to ride the World Wide Web or send email. The vision of the Internet that would alter the PC and correspondences had a place with JCR Licklider of MIT (Leiner n. page). In August of 1962 he imagined an all inclusive interconnected set of PCs which would permit everybody to rapidly get to information and projects (Leiner n. page). A legislature supported venture at Defense Advanced Research Tasks Agency (DARPA) began in October (Leiner n. page). The race for disclosure of such innovation seethed between the Soviet Union and The United Conditions of America. The two nations needed control of the perhaps integral asset. At that point in 1968, The National Physical Laboratory in Great Britain set up the first test organize, which provoked the Pentagon's ARPA to support a bigger venture in the USA. (Authentic n. page) However the race was not constrained to simply countries yet likewise organizations. In 1965, working with Thomas Merrill, Lawrence G. Roberts made the primary wide-zone PC at any point assembled. These tests demonstrated that PCs could cooperate running projects and recovering information as vital on remote machines. Roberts set up his arrangement for ARPANET, distributed in 1966. Around then he learned of Donald Davies and Roger Scantlebury of NPL and Paul Baron and others at RAND. Exploration at MIT (1961-1967), RAND (1962-1965) and NPL (1964-1967) while equal had no information on each other. In August of 1968 a RFQ, a refined model of ARPANET was discharged for the advancement of one of the key parts, the parcel switches Interface Message Processors (IMP). Jolt Beranek and Newman (BBN) introduced the principal IMP at UCLA and the primary host PC was associated. Before the finish of 1969 four host PCs were associated together into the underlying ARPANET and the Internet was off the ground. In 1977, electronic mail was presented. (Leiner n. page) As the Internet immediately developed, changes were vital. The Internet's decentralized structure made it simple to extend yet its NCP didn't be able to address organizes further down stream than the goal IMP. Bounce Kahn chose to build up another rendition of the convention which in the end got known as the Transmission Control Protocol /Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). Contrasted with the NCP which went about as a gadget driver, the new convention was increasingly similar to a correspondence convention. So as to make it simpler to utilize, Host were then allocated names, supplanting numbers. A gathering of researcher at that point set out to show that a minimized and straightforward usage of TCP was conceivable. They succeeded, permitting it to run on personal computers. (Leiner n. page). Unique employments of the Internet included government correspondences and a gathering for researcher to share thoughts and help each other in research. In the 1980's the Internet developed past its fundamentally research roots to incorporate a wide client network and expanded business action. In present

Discuss Yeats’ changing attitude to ‘Romantic Ireland’

It is one of the dualities in Yeats' work that an artist eminent for the widespread forsaken love verse ought to be so inseparably bound to the specific personality, battle and fate of the Irish country. Notwithstanding, on closer assessment, Yeats' wonderful style demonstrates that appearing conundrum is effortlessly clarified when the genuine idea of Yeats' vision is considered. This exposition will contend the clear political progressive responsibility found in the 1910's was something of a distortion, in a transitional time of his profession. To find this progress, it is important to begin toward the start and end of his life, and work inwards, following the changing depiction of Ireland in his section. The early Yeats was a piece of a solid Romantic convention. Its preference for the enthusiastic genuineness of old stories found a prepared spot in Yeats' work, as he abused the rich Irish legendary custom: his long story works all date from this first stage. The primary assortment utilizes the anthem structure every now and again, and the effortlessness of sonnets like ‘To An Isle in the Water' †â€Å"shy one, bashful one/modest one of my heart/she moves in the firelight† †reviews customary Irish verse. Maybe original of Yeats' initial sentimental pieces is ‘To The Rose Upon The Rood Of Time'. His treatment of Ireland and formal strategy meet up under the sponsorship of conventional Romanticism: he is proud in regards to drawing from â€Å"Old Eire and the old ways.† The sonnet is populated by mythic and shadowy figures from Ireland's Gaelic past: the warrior-ruler Cuchulain, a druid, and Fergus, at some point King of Ulster. In spite of originating from an Irish Protestant family, Yeats despite everything paints Ireland as a Celtic idyll, and summons it utilizing customary Romantic symbolism †stars, the ocean, forests, blossoms. The utilization of the rose as a theme all through his initial work is obliged not exclusively to the Order of the Golden Dawn, yet to Blake specifically. Both shared an otherworldly inclination past Christianity resounded by Yeats' own desire to be a soothsayer artist in the Irish convention: the guardian of the story of personality. Officially and in fact, it shows the away from of Romanticism as well. The initial line, in strong measured rhyming, runs as an adapted conjuring †a typical method of customary expressive refrain. The redundancies reverberation petition, further escalating the otherworldly element of the piece. The jargon, while not really bygone, is surely that of customary beautiful lingual authority: â€Å"thine†, â€Å"whereof†, â€Å"boughs.† There is a comparative stylization in the sentence structure †â€Å"I would, before my opportunity to go† †and representation of â€Å"eternal magnificence meandering on her way.† This period of his verse, known as the ‘Celtic nightfall' period, is wealthy in comparable sonnets; their keynote being Irish subjects and legend wedded to Romantic style and concerns, for example, solitary love, gallantry and enchanted association with nature. Different pieces which utilize Irish folklore are â€Å"The Hosting of the Sidhe', ‘The Song of Wandering Aengus', yet the possibility of a Celtic idyll (got from the Romantic's radical reshaping of peaceful optimism) runs all through. This early work is a solid differentiation to his last assortments, somewhere in the range of three or after four decades. It is difficult to describe such a broad collection of verse with scarcely any models, however the movement is unmistakable. His social edge of reference appears to be far more extensive, drawing on such assorted sources as: â€Å"a Quattrocento painter's crowd/A negligent picture of Mantegna's thought†[1] to the popular imagery of Byzantium, speaking to creative solidarity and the most noteworthy type of culture. Officially, the uniform elegiac tone of the early section (broken distinctly by basic songs and holds back) is supplanted by a lot more noteworthy assortment. Yeats' experience in theater comes through in numerous pieces depending on the exchange structure. There are likewise the one of a kind and rebellious ‘Crazy Jane' sonnets, just as arrangement of verses and pieces of a couple of lines. The tone is far less stylised and less hesitantly Romantic: ‘Crazy Jane' speak to the peak of an undeniably increasingly open and characteristic word usage. The depiction of Ireland in these sonnets reflects the new movement in style. ‘Under Ben Bulben' sees Yeats' somewhat frantically asking youthful authors to â€Å"learn your trade† and â€Å"cast your brain on other days.† This sends out a more surrendered vibe than the early ‘To Ireland In The Coming Times' the place Yeats asserted: â€Å"I cast my heart into my rhymes† and evoked â€Å"faeries, moving under the moon/A druid land, a druid tune!† ‘Parnell's Funeral' isn't such a great amount of surrendered, as obviously critical, with Yeats expressing: â€Å"all that was sung/every one of that was said in Ireland is an untruth/reared out of the disease of the throng.† It is a disposition partaken in the acidic ‘The Great Day' and furthermore ‘Nineteen Hundred And Nineteen' which portrays the â€Å"traffic in mockery†: â€Å"We, who seven years prior Discussed respect and truth, Scream with joy in the event that we appear The weasel's curve, the weasel's tooth† The sonnets in The Tower and The Winding Stair, especially, depict despairing gloom which sees Yeats withdrawing, regardless of whether it be to the emblematic Byzantium, or his own watchtower at Coole Park. The regular bedlam of Ireland is deserted as Yeats gives up to reflection. However this additionally denotes a continuation between the two time frames; in the figure of a singular, intelligent craftsman: â€Å"a man in his own mystery contemplation/is lost in the midst of the maze that he has made† (‘Nineteen Hundred and Nineteen.') We see that Yeats had lost none of his present for the lyric.Note the grave supernatural quality of â€Å"wine-dim 12 PM in the consecrated wood† (‘Her Vision In The Wood') or the incredible otherworldly maxim in ‘Under Ben Bulben': â€Å"Many times man lives and kicks the bucket/Between his two eternities.† This congruity, despite the fact that at chances with the movements previously noted, assists with clarifying them. It is the crucial string going through his transitional stage, bringing together both early and late Yeats, and incites new investigation into the supposed ‘political' sonnets. Yeats was constantly a Romantic in the Keatsian or Tennysonian intelligent strain, instead of the radical political side. Shrouded verse almost consistently came instilled with fantasy, ‘otherness': he continued from the Late Romantic time frame to shape a sort of Romantic Modernism progressively normal for American writers, for example, Hart Crane. His enthusiasm for dream imagery and programmed composing likewise positioned him with the impressionistic side of Modernism (eg.Surrealism) instead of the harsher or progressively savage wings (imagism, futurism and so on.) Yeats' fantasy making and political sentimentalism is clearly obvious if the utilization of legend in the ‘Celtic sundown' stage is put under nearer examination. Without putting a lot of store on true to life subtleties, Celticism (in the hands of Yeats and others) was twofold edged. In spite of the fact that it supported national character and culture, it was likewise fortifying majestic generalizing of the Celts as silly, female and passionate. By utilizing the antiquated legend of Ireland, Yeats was verifiably denying that Ireland had a present; by commending the working class and the mistreated, he was certainly asserting that Ireland's place was as an oppressed country. This Catch 22 has been noted from a general perspective by Edward Said: â€Å"to acknowledge nativism is to acknowledge the results of colonialism too enthusiastically, to acknowledge the radical, strict and political divisions forced on places like Ireland.†[2] Yeats' is certainly not an extreme progressive optimism, however an inventive vision: running along mystical and mythopoetic lines; not chronicled or political ones. On the off chance that this inclination †the propensity to escape into fantasy †is noticed, the later pieces appear to be less expelled from his initial vocation. Yeats peppers his stanza with references to previous artists, and unequivocally accept the Romantic mantle for himself: â€Å"Some moralist or fanciful writer Looks at the lone soul to a swan; I am happy with that, Fulfilled if an upset mirror show it, Before that concise glimmer of its life be gone.† (‘Nineteen Hundred and Nineteen') He delights in the image of the twisting step to mythologise the writer's climb to think about the choppiness of the world beneath. While before Ireland's captivated past was the legend, presently Ireland is burdened to more noteworthy plans. The common war speaking to the brutality and frustrate of presence to be set against the profound virtue of the writer in his pinnacle. The occasions in Ireland are fastened to Yeats' detailed dreams of repetitive history set out in ‘The Second Coming' and ‘The Gyres.' The â€Å"violence upon the roads† (Nineteen Hundred and Nineteen† and the â€Å"rage-driven, rage-tormented, and eager for rage troop† (‘Meditations in Time of Civil War') are neighborhood analogs for the widespread â€Å"blood-diminished tide† of ‘The Second Coming'. Yeats despite everything celebrates Ireland †it would be false notion to propose that the brutality of the Civil War sickened his optimism so much he would never confront Ireland again with anything other than negativity. In any case, his commitment was frequently watchful, now and then unexpected †the drinking melody of ‘ Come Gather Round Me, Parnellites.' Neither would it be able to be disregarded that he once in a while refashioned his old Celtic plans, most broadly in ‘Under Ben Bulben' albeit even here it turns into a section of a more extensive mapping: â€Å"gyres run on/when that more noteworthy dream had gone.† It is especially intriguing, albeit maybe to be expected, that Yeats took the occasions of the common war and quickly mythologised them. As referenced over, the dark and-tan clash turns into an antithet

14, at 1516 ET

MIT EA Decisions To Be Posted Saturday, 12/13/14, at 1516 ET Ive put down my burrito long enough to tell you, as the title says, we will be releasing Early Action decisions online next Saturday, 12/13/14, at 15:16 (3:16PM) ET. To check your decision on the 13th, visit decisions.mit.edu and log in with your MyMIT username and password. In order to verify that you will receive a decision on the 13th, you should visit decisions.mit.eduand log in with your MyMIT username and password. I recommend you do this now. Strange things happen to people who dont verify they will receive their decision! If youve forgotten your MyMIT password, you may use our automated system to reset it. Simply visit MyMIT and click on the lost password link. There is a similar link for forgotten usernames. If youre having trouble using our automated username/password recovery process, please email mymitpassword [at] mit [dot] eduwith your full name and mailing address. But please, be nice to our office, and dont email that link unless youve tried everything else! Admissions decisions will be available exclusively online. Decisions will not be released via email, snail mail, carrier pigeon, carrier dragon, or intergalactic radio broadcast. However, following the release of admissions decisions, we will be mailing admitted students additional, cylindrical information. Remember to prepare yourself, because as soon as you log in, your decision willawaken. Post Tagged #Early Action

Motivation as An Early Drop Out - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 843 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/03/22 Category Health Essay Level High school Tags: Drug Abuse Essay Did you like this example? Summary The purpose of the Motivation as a Predictor of Early Dropout From Drug Abuse Treatment study is to test if motivation plays a key factor in drug addicts by using three different types of motivation scales without dropping out early. The hypothesis of the study was social stability, previous treatment experience, expectations for reducing future drug use, higher methadone dose level, and higher motivation were the predictions of treatment over the 60 day period (Joe Simpson (1993)). The participants are tested by using different types of scales, and observing how motivated they are to get treated. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Motivation as An Early Drop Out" essay for you Create order The study was conducted by the three different types of scales called a DP scale, DH scale, and a TR scale. The DP scale is drug use problems, the DH scale is their desire for help, and the TR scale is their readiness of treatment. Each of the scales have 7 to 9 different types of problems, general interest, or commitment level questions. Their scores were calculated from each of their motivation scale scores. Simpson and Joe found their studies from testing different ethnicities, and different ages from Corpus Christi and Dallas. The average age of the clients was 36 years and 68% were males (Joe Simpson (1993)). They would also be studied by interviewing each of them, and asking them a series of important questions. Their expectations was for the participants to leave the drugs forever, being encouraged by others, and to see if they accept the chances they have to quit. The results of the study depicted that the DP scale had the highest scores. Also, 24% of the participants dropped out of treatment within 60 days (Joe Simpson (1993)). They believe that motivation plays an important role in the treatment of addictive behaviors (Joe Simpson (1993)). Overall the researchers also believed that the study of the motivation scales were reliable because they tested and compared the results with different people from different cities. Method I think the method did appropriately test the research question because the researchers accurately tested and used the motivation scales on different people. The authors conclusion was also supported by their research findings because they did meet some of their goals. Not all of the participants dropped out, but only some did. Which means that they were able to receive scores, and test the treatment on different individuals by using their methods. There are most of the times always alternative interpretations for every type of research study. They maybe could have done something different than scales, and test even more people rather than just from two different cities. The only inappropriate conclusions would probably have to be the questions for the motivation scales. I think that they could have gone more in depth with the interviews or the question. Critical Reflection Assumptions: The researchers assumptions were based off of 3 different types of variables. The first one is their goal for making drug addicts quit their addiction, the second one is their expected chances of quitting drugs, and the final variable is receiving encouragement from others (Joe Simpson (1993)). Diversity: I do not think that the researchers diversity was not good enough for this type of research. The study could have been more accurate if the percentage of ethnic groups were almost equal, and if the number of men and women were around the same. This study had more males than women, and it lacked in the amount of races for this study. Although this research is not necessarily sensitive to exactly how diverse it is, it maybe could have been more diverse. This whole world has so many different ethnic groups, and men and women for a study to have too little of a specific race. It also could have been more accurate if they would have gotten a chunk of people from every state in the US rather than just two different cities in one state. Implications: I think the implications of this study was that too many people dropped out earlier than expected from the research study. This means that there were less scores since there was less people. This also interferes with the diversity of this study. Another implication is that they were trying to also make a study at Houston, but there was not enough people. This interfered with their study because that also means that they would have less people to study on. Results DP Scale: The results from the Dallas DP scale was higher than the results for the Corpus Christi DP scale. The researchers quoted, suggested limited support for two separate factors, based on the emergence of two eigenvalues greater than 1.0 (Joe Simpson (1993)). DH Scale: The results of the DH scale was that the principal components analysis for the total sample yielded only one eigenvalue above 1.0 (3.08) (Joe Simpson (1993)). TR Scale: The results for the TR scale provided limited support for a two-factor solution in the total sample based on eigenvalues above 1.0 (2.78 and 1.38) (Joe Simpson (1993)). References Joe, G.W., Simpson D. D. (1993). Motivation As a Predictor of Early Dropout From Drug Abuse Treatment. Psychotherapy. Volume (30), pp. 357-368

Life After Samples of Research Papers

Life After Samples of Research Papers A good deal of literature was specifically devoted to analysis of marketing topics and media particularly. A couple are still students. A dissertation is a procedure to get a degree. Political and public administration topics can be challenging for students to find out by themselves. A letter of consent will likewise be sent to them together with a sample copy of the questionnaire which will be used, and the protocol of the researcher. Only present background information as it is essential. You will possibly look at making a supplemental handout that gives additional info or answers predictable questions. Include information concerning the process you followed as you conducted your undertaking. What You Need to Do About Samples of Research Papers Beginning in the Next 3 Minutes Reading the very best research paper writing services reviews, if you employ a professional research paper writer, you will have the ability to save your valuable time and concentrate on doing something that truly matters to you. After you get an overall idea about what your paper will be about it gets easier to proceed with the remaining portion of the assignment. Work with a Pro Whether you are searching for affordable research papers or you need to employ a specialist writer, a writing service can offer assistance throughout the writing process. There are a lot of tricks you'll be able to utilize to aid readability and emphasize crucial ideas. Top Choices of Samples of Research Papers If you think writing of a research paper is just about gathering relevant materials and copy-pasting then in a different document, you're mistaken. There's several essays completed by them. If you're worried that you won't have the ability to locate an inexpensive essay writing service capable of dealing with your academic papers, we're here to prove you wrong. There are a number of essay writing services that think they're the very best, and therefore don't be cheated and check the real list of the very best. Whether you need to generate a paper of one-of-a-kind flawlessness, just purchase an essay here and our writers will provide help. So, it may be a very good concept to look at going on the internet to search for some expert paper writers. Moreover, our English-speaking writers make sure every order has original content and an appropriate structure. Yes, there's a person who can assist you with your essays expert essay writers at MyPerfectWords. Writing an effective dissertation is the most crucial stage. Example papers can make writing easier as you can use it in various ways. A research paper is a rather significant type of academic writing. It is an essential part of academic writing. Samples of Research Papers - Overview A negative effect of pay inequality would then support the thought that pay inequality contributes to tensions which affect performance. There are a lot of studies which look at the consequences of pay inequality on performance. On the other hand, it could have a positive effect on performance by providing incentives. On the 1 hand, pay inequality might have a negative effect as it may hinder cooperation among team members. The last type of treatment is hospitalization that is just for severe cases of bipolar disorder. After eliciting the main cause then the therapist examines the way the client has learned to deal with the issue and how effective is the coping mechanism. You ought to keep t he following things in mind prior to doing research. The human component is inherent to each market, but the system of counterchecks enables us to eliminate its possible adverse effect. There are lots of symptoms and causes of bipolar disorder that may be recognizable. It is known as manic-depressive disorder that has a great effect on the human mind. Studies have demonstrated that certain brain chemicals called neurotransmitters play a major part in regulating moods and emotions. Some depression appears to come from the blue, even if things are going well. The True Meaning of Samples of Research Papers You will need to pre plan a research strategy from the start. Participants were assured confidentiality and were given a chance to decline to take part in the study. Rather, it should explain the worth of your research undertaking. You must select a recent topic whilst doing a research study. The effect of inequality on performance doesn't appear enormous. All the instruments were administered as a member of a structured interview an evaluation social worker had with study participants at fixed intervals. You're not required to compose a thesis if you do a master's degree. Such a practice can result in accusations of plagiarism.

Bangladesh Brochure Free Essays

Bangladesh is situated either side of the tropic of cancer. India shares its border with Bangladesh. The three main river flows through Bangladesh are the meghna, the Brahmaputra and the Ganges. We will write a custom essay sample on Bangladesh Brochure or any similar topic only for you Order Now The north of Bangladesh is the Himalaya Mountains, the highest mountains in the world. To the south is the Bay of Bengal. The Land People Landforms: Flood Plains Population: 126 Million Delta Population Density: 800 per square kilometer The Land is Under 15 meters above sea levels 230 of rivers in Bangladesh What are Tropical Cyclones? Tropical storm, typhoon or hurricane is a type of low pressure system which generally forms in the tropics. While they can be highly destructive, tropical cyclones are an important part of the atmosphere circulation system which moves heat from the equatorial region toward the higher latitude. Keyword: Latitude: The distance of a place north or south from the equator (Places that are near to the equator or much warmer than places that are near the north and south poles. ) How Are Tropical Cyclones Formed 1. Formative – clouds start forming over the ocean between 5 and 15 degrees latitude from the equator. 2. Immature – if the conditions are favorable, clouds collect and move with the winds that start rotating clockwise around a low pressure area. Winds start to increase in strength. 3. Mature – the cyclone reaches its peak of intensity and destructive power. 4. Decaying – the power of the cyclone decreases when it moves over land or pole ward over colder waters. In this decaying stage the winds often decrease rapidly and the cyclone eye and cloud patterns disappear. Long Term Short Term Solutions These are solution to prevent flooding in Bangladesh, short term meaning for a flood which comes once or twice but long term is when it remains therefore 10-15 years. The solution which has been listed below will have a key of stars, the solution with the most stars is expensive whereas with not many stars meaning not so much expensive. The other key is on my opinion whether they are good for presentation of floods in Bangladesh or not or whether they are alright, the key would be 3 different smiley faces. 1. Building Embankments along the River Channel – Plan 1-Embankments This would prevent the water from overflowing of the water while the water discharge is taking place. It would have to 7 meter high. These have o be placed along the river not just in the village. Advantage – preventing mosquitoes carrying malaria and flood Disadvantage – to expensive and restricting fisherman Plan 2-Aid from fishing. 2. Providing emergency in each village and train Villagers in basic health care – The would include particular drug, dressing, water purification tablets, few villagers will be trained and reducing the risk of Plan3-Shelters diseases spreading and provide help for injured people. Advantage – Not many people gaining disease Disadvantage – not preventing the flood 3. Building flood protection shelters in village – Large building able to hold 1000 people on silts. Also shelter for animals. The shelters have been swept away in the past. Plan 4-Emergeny Stores Advantage – people life saved Disadvantage – not preventing flooding, belongings not saved, risk f still being flooded 4. Provide emergency stores of farm replacement – This will include new seeds, new seedlings and supplies of fertilizers. Advantage – Farmers back to work quicker Plan 5-Proof Sheds Disadvantage – not preventing flooding, loose out on the other crops Low income in the beginning 5. Build flood proof grain storage sheds – Sheds built on stilts, preserve the building with food and water Advantage – ensure that villagers had food and clean water Plan 6-Tube Wells Disadvantage – have to fill the shed every time after flood, not preventing the flood 6. Sink new tube wells – Build wells which will protect water supply during flood Advantage – safe drinking water and prevent diseases Plan 7- Warning System Disadvantage – Bangladesh still be flooded. 7. Emergency warning system – Trained operators will be provided, to predict the discharge this will tell whether it will be a flood. Advantage – allowing time for evacuation Disadvantages – parts of Bangladesh still flooded and people still cant do much to save there own lives How to cite Bangladesh Brochure, Papers

The Inuit People Inuit A People Preserved By Ice Thousands Of Years A

The Inuit People Inuit: A People Preserved By Ice Thousands of years ago, during the last ice age, mile-thick glaciers covered a vast portion of North America, and the Asian continent was joined to North America by a land bridge. The Arctic areas of Alaska, Beringia, and Siberia were free of ice. Vast herds of caribou, muskoxen, and bison migrated to these plains. Following them were the nomadic Asian ancestors of today's Inuit and Indians. The doorway to Asia closed about three or four thousand years later as the glaciers receded and melted. These people: the Inuit (meaning the people), adapted to their harsh tundra environment and developed a culture that remained untainted for a long time. The Inuit people relied solely on hunting for their existence. With summers barely lasting two months, agriculture was non-existent. Animals such as caribou and seal were vital. Groups of hunters would stalk and kill many caribou with fragile bows made of driftwood, and their bounty was split evenly amongst the tribe. Bone spears were fashioned to hunt seals which provided food, oil, clothes, and tents. The seal skins were also used to construct kayaks and other boats that the Inuit would use to travel and to hunt whales. One advantage of the sterile cold of the arctic was that it kept these people free of disease (until they met the white man.) Inuit tribes consisted of two to ten loosely joined families. There was no one central leader in the group: all decisions were made by the community as a whole. Nor was there any definite set of laws; the Inuit, though usually cheery and optimistic, were prone to uncontrolled bursts of rage. Murder was common amongst them and it went unpunished unless an individual's murders occured too often. At that point, that person was deemed unstable, and the community appointed a man to terminate him/her. In their society, the duties of men and women were strictly separated. The males would hunt, fish and construct the tools used by the family. Women, however, were responsible for cleaning the animal skins, cooking, sewing the clothes ( a woman's sewing ability was equally as attractive to a man as her beauty was), and raising the children. Male children were preferred because they could care for their parents in their old age; female children when often strangled soon after birth. Although today Christianity has breached some of the southernmost tribes, the vast majority practice a form of animism. Their rituals are based mainly on the hunt and the handling of slain animals. Magic talismans and charms are believed to control spirits, and shamans are consulted in the case of injury or illness. There are traces of beliefs in an afterlife or reincarnation, but they are very minor. The Inuit people, like many other tribal minorities, are greatly stereotyped and misunderstood by the common man. For example: the Inuit word igloo means house and can refer to the cabins made of sod that most Inuit occu py. Also, the word Eskimo is a misnomer meaning "eaters of raw flesh" given to the Inuit by the Algonquin Indians. This is a simple culture that remained undisturbed until whales became a precious commodity. Their isolation is slowly coming to an end as western civilization puts them into government housing and snowmobiles are increasing as a means of transportation. They are beautifully eccentric, and we must work to preserve their culture. References: "Seasons of the Eskimo: A Vanishing Way of Life" by Fred Bruemmer; Microsoft Encarta96 Encyclopedia; Microsoft Bookshelf. The Inuit People Inuit A People Preserved By Ice Thousands Of Years A The Inuit People Inuit: A People Preserved By Ice Thousands of years ago, during the last ice age, mile-thick glaciers covered a vast portion of North America, and the Asian continent was joined to North America by a land bridge. The Arctic areas of Alaska, Beringia, and Siberia were free of ice. Vast herds of caribou, muskoxen, and bison migrated to these plains. Following them were the nomadic Asian ancestors of today's Inuit and Indians. The doorway to Asia closed about three or four thousand years later as the glaciers receded and melted. These people: the Inuit (meaning the people), adapted to their harsh tundra environment and developed a culture that remained untainted for a long time. The Inuit people relied solely on hunting for their existence. With summers barely lasting two months, agriculture was non-existent. Animals such as caribou and seal were vital. Groups of hunters would stalk and kill many caribou with fragile bows made of driftwood, and their bounty was split evenly amongst the tribe. Bone spears were fashioned to hunt seals which provided food, oil, clothes, and tents. The seal skins were also used to construct kayaks and other boats that the Inuit would use to travel and to hunt whales. One advantage of the sterile cold of the arctic was that it kept these people free of disease (until they met the white man.) Inuit tribes consisted of two to ten loosely joined families. There was no one central leader in the group: all decisions were made by the community as a whole. Nor was there any definite set of laws; the Inuit, though usually cheery and optimistic, were prone to uncontrolled bursts of rage. Murder was common amongst them and it went unpunished unless an individual's murders occured too often. At that point, that person was deemed unstable, and the community appointed a man to terminate him/her. In their society, the duties of men and women were strictly separated. The males would hunt, fish and construct the tools used by the family. Women, however, were responsible for cleaning the animal skins, cooking, sewing the clothes ( a woman's sewing ability was equally as attractive to a man as her beauty was), and raising the children. Male children were preferred because they could care for their parents in their old age; female children when often strangled soon after birth. Although today Christianity has breached some of the southernmost tribes, the vast majority practice a form of animism. Their rituals are based mainly on the hunt and the handling of slain animals. Magic talismans and charms are believed to control spirits, and shamans are consulted in the case of injury or illness. There are traces of beliefs in an afterlife or reincarnation, but they are very minor. The Inuit people, like many other tribal minorities, are greatly stereotyped and misunderstood by the common man. For example: the Inuit word igloo means house and can refer to the cabins made of sod that most Inuit occu py. Also, the word Eskimo is a misnomer meaning "eaters of raw flesh" given to the Inuit by the Algonquin Indians. This is a simple culture that remained undisturbed until whales became a precious commodity. Their isolation is slowly coming to an end as western civilization puts them into government housing and snowmobiles are increasing as a means of transportation. They are beautifully eccentric, and we must work to preserve their culture. References: "Seasons of the Eskimo: A Vanishing Way of Life" by Fred Bruemmer; Microsoft Encarta96 Encyclopedia; Microsoft Bookshelf.